Applications of Neuromorphic/Event Cameras in Robotics With Human in the Loop

A systematic review, dataset survey, and research roadmap for using event cameras to understand human state and improve collaborative robotic systems.

IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems · Volume 56, Issue 1 · 2026

Muhammad Hamza Zafar, Syed Kumayl Raza Moosavi, and Filippo Sanfilippo

Project overview

This project maps the role of neuromorphic vision in human–robot collaboration. It examines how event cameras can support real-time understanding of human pose, actions, gestures, facial expressions, gaze, and attention, and how those signals can be converted into safer and more responsive robot decisions.

Core contributions

  • A PRISMA-guided systematic review of neuromorphic vision for human behavior understanding in robotics.
  • A unified framework connecting event sensing, human-state estimation, command generation, safety assessment, and robot control.
  • A structured analysis of datasets, methods, implementation barriers, and open research challenges.
  • A roadmap for integrating event cameras into industrial, healthcare, assistive, and collaborative robotic systems.

Reported evidence

447records identified across the selected databases
91studies included after screening and eligibility review
5human-state domains emphasized in the framework

The review covers the progression from event-based tracking and pose estimation to action recognition, gesture understanding, facial-expression analysis, and gaze or eye tracking. It also discusses sensor integration, datasets, real-time processing, and deployment challenges.

Datasets and evaluation

  • Human pose and motion-capture datasets, including event-based and hybrid event–RGB resources.
  • Human action and gesture-recognition datasets for dynamic vision sensors.
  • Facial-expression, gaze, eye-tracking, and human-monitoring datasets relevant to HRC.
  • Comparative assessment of dataset availability, sensing conditions, task coverage, and limitations.

Relevance to human-in-the-loop robotics

The paper provides the conceptual backbone of this website. It frames event vision as a perception layer for human-aware robotics, where rapid and privacy-conscious sensing supports command interpretation, task understanding, safety assessment, and adaptive control.